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13.11

THE EFFECT OF INCREASING LOADS IN A CIRCUIT

Ioana Crant

Brian Nguyen                                                                                                                                                  Ms. Loree

Amy Liu                                                                                                                                                           SN1DN-01

Hassan                                                                                                                       Wednesday, February 15, 2012

13.11                                           THE EFFECT OF INCREASING LOADS IN A CIRCUIT

Problem: (Purpose / Question):

How do the total resistance, current, and voltage compare in series and parallel circuits?

Hypothesis:

I believe that the total resistance, current and voltage will be lower in a parallel circuit compared to a series circuit.

Variables:

Manipulated- Type of circuit (series or parallel)

Responding –Current, voltage and total resistance

Controlled –Power source voltage, resistors

Materials:

See page 576 in Nelson Science Perspectives 9.

Procedure:

See page 576-577 in Nelson Science Perspectives 9.

Observations:

Power Source: 3V

Resistors: 33 Ω each

Table 1: One Resistor

Voltage

Current

Resistor 1

2.9 V

22 mA

Table 2: Two Resistors in Series

Voltage

Current

Total Resistance

Resistor 1

1.5 V

22 mA

62 Ω

Resistor 2

1.6 V

22 mA

Table 3: Two Resistors in Parallel

Voltage

Current

Total Resistance

Resistor 1

2.8 V

50 mA

49.1 Ω

Resistor 2

2.8 V

50 mA

Analysis: (Discussion / Questions):

(a)    The current and voltage are lower in a series circuit than in a parallel circuit (roughly half), but the total resistance is lower in parallel than in series.

(b)   My hypothesis was mostly incorrect, but the total resistance in the parallel circuit was lower than that in the series circuit. The evidence provided in the investigation supported that aspect of my hypothesis.

(c)    In both series and parallel circuits, the voltage is the same across both resistors (except with a 0.1 difference in series). Comparing between the voltage in series and parallel resistors, the parallel resistors had almost twice as much voltage. The power source voltage is 3V, and the series resistors are about half that voltage, and the parallel voltage is almost the same.

(d)   The current through the series resistors is 22 mA and the current through the parallel resistors is 50 mA, making the parallel current roughly twice the series current.

(e)   Seeing as though the current in the parallel circuit increased when a resistor was added and the current in a series circuit stayed the same, I believe that more current would flow through the parallel circuit if another resistor was added.

(f)     From the lab results, we see that the total resistance in parallel is lower than in series. My hypothesis was correct in predicting this.

(g)    In a household, circuits are parallel. In this investigation we saw that the voltage in parallel is equal in each resistor, and for the voltage in the parallel circuit, each of the two resistances were 2.8V which is awfully close to 3V, which is the power source.

(h)   Wires are conductors, meaning that they are supposed to transfer energy from one place to another. If the wires are hot, that means that some of the energy that is supposed to be transferred was being transformed into thermal energy. This is not aiding the purpose of the wire, and is just wasting the energy so this is not an efficient use of energy.

(i)      The benefit of using parallel circuits instead of series circuits in the home is that it is much more convenient. With a series circuit, if someone wanted to turn on a light, then all the lights in the house would be turned on because the electrons only follow one pathway. With parallel circuits, lights could be turned on and off and be independent from each other.

Conclusion:

My hypothesis was mostly incorrect, but partially correct. Our results show that the current and voltage were not lower in parallel than in series, but the total resistance was.

Errors:

A possible inconsistency could be touching the wires together when measuring the voltage. If the wires are not touching the wires equally on both sides, a wrong voltage can occur.  Also the voltmeter, ohmmeter or ammeter could be un-calibrated or faulty.

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How to succeed in buisness without really trying [Download links]

goldenstarkid:

Original:

Orignial movie (1967)

Recorded songs (1967)

Darren’s performance live from January 11th:

Act 1.avi

Act 2.avi

Act 1.mkv

Act 2.mkv

Torrent with everything above

And if you only wanna watch the live performance, not download it:

Act 1

Act 2

You’re welcome.

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tyleroakley:

IMPOSSIBLE.

FOR A PLAIN TUMBLR BLOGGER AND A PRINCE TO JOIN IN MARRIAGE.

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